Why is IHL important?

International humanitarian law (IHL) are rules that are set to limit the effects of armed conflicts and lays out the responsibilities of states and non-states armed groups. It was established through Geneva Conventions, protocols of WWII, and customary law. Now the question is: Why is IHL important?

IHL provides civilians under the power of enemy forces to be treated humanely without any distinctions. People should be protected against violence and poor treatment; including murder. The protection of civilians extends to which particular medical units and relief bodies party are required to provide essentials like food, clothing and medical supplies. IHL banned the use of many weapons such as blinding lasers, anti-personnel mines and biological weapons in order to protect the environment and people. Furthermore, in case of prosecution, they have to go through a fair trial with essential judicial guarantees. IHL plays a major role in protecting both the civilians and the environment.

If these laws are to be violated by the state or military then measures have been taken to punish them. States would be under the obligation to prosecute offenders, domestic courts limit impunity, and can be prosecuted by various international criminal tribunals. IHL makes sure that people are protected but if they get impacted then measures are taken to punish them.

Sources: commonslibrary.parliament.uk, icrc.org, peacepalacelibrary.nl, rescue.org

Written by Yakshitha N.